The article contains a methodological reflection on the notion of representation applied to the research on the relation between the Protestantism and the Brazilian culture. This relation, which was historically built every where in Brazil, was identified in two cities, the capital of the Republic, Rio de Janeiro, and the capital of Maranhão, São Luis. Texts and images taken from literatuliterature, newspapers and from a picture were used, forming a group of representations of Protestantism. Therefore, the purpose is to discuss the importance and the reach that this notion offers to the research on the history of Protestantism in Brazil.