The search for common roots of science and religion leads us to a vantage point, that of the sociology of knowledge, which enables a fair assessment of and a symmetry between both human enterprises. From this vantage point, they are naturalized and historicized, removing from them any sacral bases that hinder the dialogue. After a quick glance at the history of religious studies, we focus on the recent development of the sociology of scientific knowledge (SSK) and its implications for a new epistemology of science. Its social aspects are highlighted, as well as questions about belief and reference. Science and religion, being the daughters of history and human agency, recognize themselves as partners in a common destiny.